Everything here is an inductive load your GPIO can't drive directly. Pick the fluid or motion job first — valve, pump, push-pull plunger, linear push rod, lock or electromagnet — then size the MOSFET.
Solenoid valves (DN15/DN20 12V), 6V pneumatic air valves, push-pull and lock-style solenoids, 5V electromagnets (3–35kg holding force), 6V electric push rods (10–100mm stroke), peristaltic dosing pumps and submersible water pumps.