Smart Agro Monitoring Station

#include <Arduino.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include "config.h"
#include "data_models.h"
#include "sensors.h"
String deviceId;uint32_t bootId; volatile time_t lastSuccess=0;
#include "modem_manager.h"
#include "api_client.h"
QueueHandle_t packets;volatile uint32_t dropped=0;
uint32_t sampleStart=0,nextSample=0,lastSend=0,lastUrgent=0;bool converting=false,wasCritical=false;
void measurement(JsonDocument &j,const char* key,float v,const char* unit,float lo,float hi,const char* bad="unavailable"){auto x=j["measurements"][key];x["unit"]=unit;if(isfinite(v)&&v>=lo&&v<=hi){x["value"]=v;x["status"]="ok";}else{x["value"]=nullptr;x["status"]=bad;}}
void acquire(){
 if(!bmeOK)bmeOK=bme.begin(0x77);if(!luxOK)luxOK=lux.begin(BH1750::CONTINUOUS_HIGH_RES_MODE,0x23,&Wire);
 uint32_t sum=0;for(int i=0;i<32;i++)sum+=analogRead(34);float raw=sum/32.f;
 float moisture=NAN;if(SOIL_DRY>=0&&SOIL_WET>=0&&SOIL_DRY!=SOIL_WET&&raw>5&&raw<4090)moisture=constrain(100.f*(raw-SOIL_DRY)/(SOIL_WET-SOIL_DRY),0.f,100.f);
 float st=ds.getTempCByIndex(0),at=NAN,ah=NAN,ap=NAN,ll=NAN;
 if(bmeOK&&present(0x77)){at=bme.readTemperature();ah=bme.readHumidity();ap=bme.readPressure()/100.f;}else bmeOK=false;
 if(luxOK&&present(0x23)){ll=lux.readLightLevel();}else luxOK=false;
 uint32_t count;portENTER_CRITICAL(&rainMux);count=tips;portEXIT_CRITICAL(&rainMux);
 JsonDocument j;j["device_id"]=deviceId;j["boot_id"]=bootId;j["uptime_ms"]=millis();time_t now=time(nullptr);bool timed=now>1794000000;
 if(timed){tm t;gmtime_r(&now,&t);char b[24];strftime(b,sizeof(b),"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ",&t);j["timestamp"]=b;}else j["timestamp"]=nullptr;
 j["time_quality"]=timed?"cellular_clock":"unsynchronized";
 measurement(j,"soil_moisture",moisture,"%",0,100,"uncalibrated_or_invalid_adc");j["soil_adc_raw"]=raw;j["soil_quality"]="relative_soil_specific_not_VWC; unplugged_analog_not_reliably_detectable";
 measurement(j,"soil_temperature",st,"C",-55,125);measurement(j,"air_temperature",at,"C",-40,85);measurement(j,"air_humidity",ah,"%",0,100);measurement(j,"air_pressure",ap,"hPa",300,1100);measurement(j,"light_intensity",ll,"lux",0,65000);
 measurement(j,"rainfall",count*MM_PER_TIP,"mm",0,1e9);j["rain_tips"]=count;j["rainfall_basis"]="cumulative_since_boot";j["rain_status"]="passive_contact_not_self_diagnosable";
 j["status"]["cellular"]=dataConnected;j["status"]["csq"]=signalQuality;j["status"]["last_http_or_error"]=lastError;j["status"]["last_success_epoch"]=lastSuccess;j["status"]["queue_dropped"]=dropped;
 bool critical=(isfinite(moisture)&&moisture<CRITICAL_SOIL)||(isfinite(at)&&at>CRITICAL_AIR);uint32_t ms=millis();bool urgent=critical&&!wasCritical&&(lastUrgent==0||ms-lastUrgent>=URGENT_MS);wasCritical=critical;
 Packet p={};p.uptime=ms;p.epoch=timed?now:0;serializeJson(j,p.json,sizeof(p.json));Serial.println(p.json);
 if(xQueueSend(packets,&p,0)!=pdTRUE){Packet old;xQueueReceive(packets,&old,0);xQueueSend(packets,&p,0);++dropped;Serial.println("QUEUE_FULL: oldest waiting sample dropped");}
 if(urgent){lastUrgent=ms;xTaskNotifyGive(xTaskGetHandle("uplink"));}
}
void networkTask(void*){
 modemPort.begin(115200,SERIAL_8N1,16,17);tls.setClient(&tcp);tls.setCACert(ROOT_CA);tls.setTimeout(15);vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(12000));bool initialized=false;Packet pending={};bool held=false;uint32_t retry=10000,clockCheck=0;
 for(;;){
  if(!held)ulTaskNotifyTake(pdTRUE,pdMS_TO_TICKS(SEND_MS));
  if(!initialized)initialized=initModem();dataConnected=initialized&&connectData();
  if(!dataConnected){vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(retry));retry=min<uint32_t>(retry*2,300000);continue;}
  if(time(nullptr)<1794000000||millis()-clockCheck>21600000){syncClock();clockCheck=millis();}
  if(!held)held=xQueueReceive(packets,&pending,0)==pdTRUE;
  while(held){int code=sendPacket(pending);lastError=code;Serial.printf("HTTP/error=%d queue=%u CSQ=%d\n",code,(unsigned)uxQueueMessagesWaiting(packets),(int)signalQuality);
   if(code>=200&&code<300){lastSuccess=time(nullptr);held=xQueueReceive(packets,&pending,0)==pdTRUE;retry=10000;vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(25));}
   else{if(code>=400&&code<500&&code!=408&&code!=429){Serial.println("Permanent request failure: fix backend/auth; retaining pending packet");}vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(retry));retry=min<uint32_t>(retry*2,300000);break;}
  }
 }
}
void setup(){Serial.begin(115200);setenv("TZ","UTC0",1);tzset();bootId=esp_random();uint64_t mac=ESP.getEfuseMac();char id[40];snprintf(id,sizeof(id),"SMARTAGRO-%04X%08X",(unsigned)(mac>>32),(unsigned)mac);deviceId=strlen(DEVICE_ID)?DEVICE_ID:id;host=API_BASE_URL;host.replace("https://","");while(host.endsWith("/"))host.remove(host.length()-1);packets=xQueueCreate(24,sizeof(Packet));if(!packets){Serial.println("QUEUE_ALLOC_FAILED");while(true)delay(1000);}initSensors();xTaskCreatePinnedToCore(networkTask,"uplink",16384,nullptr,1,nullptr,0);Serial.println("SMART AGRO AI: configure APN, backend, CA, secret and soil calibration; no simulated measurements.");}
void loop(){uint32_t now=millis();if(!converting&&(int32_t)(now-nextSample)>=0){ds.begin();ds.setWaitForConversion(false);ds.requestTemperatures();sampleStart=now;converting=true;nextSample=now+READ_MS;}if(converting&&now-sampleStart>=800){converting=false;acquire();}delay(10);}
// Wiring reviewed: BME SDI/SCK on GPIO21/22; BH1750 joins those same nets.